Abstract
This work employs the data envelopment analysis technique to assess the water use efficiency of companies and the water reduction potential of industrial categories in industrial zones. Fifty-eight companies were selected from four industrial categories: wearing apparel (WA,18), fabricated metal (FM,12), rubber and plastic (RP,12), and other manufacturing (OM,12) based on six variables: monthly water usage, two types of effluent contaminant loadings, monthly production capacity, number of employees, and surface occupied by a company. The results indicate that significant numbers of companies are inefficient in water use, namely WA(28%), OM(42%), FM(43%), and RP(46%). Implementing technical measures to improve water use efficiency at these companies offers a varying water reduction potential per industrial category, namely in the order RP(25%) > FM(17%) ≫ WA(7%) > OM(4%). These results show that improving water efficiency by water use minimization is not the only ptential measure for improving the industrial zone's water metabolism towards self-sufficiency.
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