Abstract
The future development of communication systems will create a great demand for the internet of things (IOT), where the overall control of all IOT nodes will become an important problem. Considering the essential issues of miniaturization and energy conservation, in this study, a new data downlink system is designed in which all IOT nodes harvest energy first and then receive data. To avoid the unsolvable problem of pre-locating all positions of vast IOT nodes, a device called the power and data beacon (PDB) is proposed. This acts as a relay station for energy and data. In addition, we model future scenes in which a communication system is assisted by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), large intelligent surfaces (LISs), and PDBs. In this paper, we propose and solve the problem of determining the optimal flight trajectory to reach the minimum energy consumption or minimum time consumption. Four future feasible scenes are analyzed and then the optimization problems are solved based on numerical algorithms. Simulation results show that there are significant performance improvements in energy/time with the deployment of LISs and reasonable UAV trajectory planning.
Highlights
Urban deployment of the Internet of Things (IOT) with the characteristics of high efficiency and high security will be realized in the near future [1,2]
A vast IOT node condition is considered in this paper, and to adapt to the above environment, the power and data beacon (PDB) device is innovatively proposed for energy and data relay
A system of energy and data transmission to vast IOT nodes assisted by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), large intelligent surfaces (LISs), and PDB is proposed, where a PDB acts as a relay station
Summary
Urban deployment of the Internet of Things (IOT) with the characteristics of high efficiency and high security will be realized in the near future [1,2]. In [18], a UAV-enabled wireless power transfer system was designed to address the trajectory planning problem and maximize the harvested energy of IOT nodes, but the data transmission procedure was not included. It is necessary to research an integrated UAV downlink communication system that includes both the wireless energy transfer procedure and the data transmission procedure and to determine how the whole system can achieve optimal system performance. The most valuable problem is to determine the optimal flight trajectory of the UAV to attain minimal energy consumption or minimal time consumption This conforms to the miniaturization and energy conservation of the entire communication system. A vast IOT node condition is considered in this paper, and to adapt to the above environment, the PDB device is innovatively proposed for energy and data relay. We use specific notations for different quantities—for example, C denotes the CP, P denotes the transmitting power or receiving power, p denotes the constant power or the probability, η or ξ denote the energy remaining ratios, T denotes the time cost, and E denotes the energy cost
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