Abstract
Demographic and geographic data are the foundation for redistricting and reapportionment. This chapter provides a step-by-step guide to collect, manage, analyze and report data (a process known as “CMAR”) to support redistricting initiatives. Demographic data come from: (1) the April 1 “full-count” Decennial Census, the official count of total and voting-age populations by race and Hispanic ethnicity for levels of census geography as small as the “census block”; and (2) the American Community Survey’s annually updated estimates of the Citizen Voting-Age Population during specific 1-year or 5-year periods, for levels of census geography as small as the “census block group”. Geographic data show the locations of populations within “census geography” (e.g., census blocks, cities, congressional districts), and their locations relative to one another. The redistricting process can be driven by a customized database developed to leverage the full capabilities of a Geographic Information System (G.I.S.) or off-the-shelf redistricting software. For many users today, the latter option may suffice.
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