Das hereditäre Hyperferritinämie-Katarakt-Syndrom

Abstract

A 42-year-old man was found to have a four to six fold increase in the level of plasma ferritin since four years. In the age of 10 he had undergone unilateral resection of a dysplastic kidney associated with systemic hypertension. He had also developed recurrent venous thromboses caused by atresia of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation, known since 23 years. Iron overload or hemochromatosis had been excluded, but despite numerous investigations the exact cause of the hyperferritinemia had not been elucidated. The patient, his grandfather, his mother and a brother had undergone cataract surgeries in both eyes. He presented at admission with prominent veins over the abdomen a postthrombotic syndrome. Laboratory tests revealed a ferritin level 6 times above the upper limit of normal, but iron, transferrin saturation, and transferrin levels were normal. The patient was on oral anticoagulation (INR 2.2). Molecular genetic tests revealed heterozygous mutation IRE+ 32 G > T. The findings indicated a hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome with an autosomal dominant trait. As functions of other organs are not affected, bilateral cataract surgery is "curative". Early and correct diagnosis avoids unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, such as extended and repeated laboratory tests, liver biopsies, phlebotomies and chelation therapy.