Dark solitons in the inhomogeneous self-defocusing Kerr media

Abstract

In this paper, the dynamics of dark solitons in inhomogeneous self-defocusing Kerr-media are explored by utilizing the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with variable coefficients. Firstly, the mathematical model with variable coefficients is simplified to the standard NLS equation with constant coefficients, by using the self-similar transformation. Then, the bilinear Hirota method is employed to treat the model and the first- and second-order dark soliton solutions are obtained. Different cases of dark solitons with variable coefficients are presented graphically. The results show that the behavior of dark solitons can be effectively controlled by adjusting the loss, diffraction and nonlinear coefficients. It is believed that these results can be used for beam manipulation and all-optical switching, and could be helpful for improving the transmission fidelity of dark solitons in inhomogeneous self-defocusing Kerr media.