Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of dark pulses from carbon nanotube (CNT) incorporated erbium-doped fiber ring lasers with net anomalous dispersion. A side-polished fiber coated with CNT layer by optically-driven deposition method is embedded into the laser in order to enhance the birefringence and nonlinearity of the laser cavity. The dual-wavelength domain-wall dark pulses are obtained from the developed CNT-incorporated fiber laser at a relatively low pump threshold of 50.6 mW. Dark pulses repeated at the fifth-order harmonic of the fundamental cavity frequency are observed by adjusting the intra-cavity polarization state.
Highlights
Dark pulse operation of lasers has emerged as an attractive topic in laser physics with respect to bright pulses in recent years [1, 2]
We demonstrate the generation of dark pulses from carbon nanotube (CNT) incorporated erbium-doped fiber ring lasers with net anomalous dispersion
A side-polished fiber coated with CNT layer by optically-driven deposition method is embedded into the laser in order to enhance the birefringence and nonlinearity of the laser cavity
Summary
Dark pulse operation of lasers has emerged as an attractive topic in laser physics with respect to bright pulses in recent years [1, 2]. The mechanism of fiber lasers with net anomalous dispersion to produce dark pulses can be explained by domain-wall theory, in which two leasing beams originated from two-Eigen operation states of fiber lasers are coupled incoherently with each other [7]. Such two-Eigen operation states of lasers can be achieved by managing either the two orthogonal polarization states of the lasers or two separated wavelengths induced by intra-cavity birefringent filter [1, 8]. Theoretical studies have predicted that the nonlinearity of CNTs is almost eight-order magnitude larger than that of standard single mode fiber [12], and recent demonstrations have confirmed that a very short-length of CNTdeposited device has a comparable Kerr nonlinearity to a relative long-length of highly nonlinear fiber [14, 15]
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