Abstract
In this paper we present a novel mechanism for producing the observed Dark Matter (DM) relic abundance during the First Order Phase Transition (FOPT) in the early universe. We show that the bubble expansion with ultra-relativistic velocities can lead to the abundance of DM particles with masses much larger than the scale of the transition. We study this non-thermal production mechanism in the context of a generic phase transition and the electroweak phase transition. The application of the mechanism to the Higgs portal DM as well as the signal in the Stochastic Gravitational Background are discussed.
Highlights
To diversify the range of possibilities inside the parameter space, many alternatives to FO have been proposed, as for example; freeze-in [11,12,13], forbidden freezein [14], super-heavy particles decay [15, 16]
In this paper we present a novel mechanism for producing the observed Dark Matter (DM) relic abundance during the First Order Phase Transition (FOPT) in the early universe
In this paper we have presented a novel mechanism of the DM production
Summary
Where h is a complex scalar field obtaining a non-vanishing VEV via the phase transition and V (h) is its potential. We will not specify the form of V (h) in this paper, but will assume that it leads to the first order phase transition in the early universe. This field h can be the physical Higgs, and the phase transition(PT) is electroweak (EWPT), or a new Dark Higgs, and the transition happens only in the Dark Sector (DS). The hierarchy Mφ mh, v introduces the usual tuning of the scalar mass into the model if λMφ2/(16π2) m2h, v2 (similar to the SM Higgs mass hierarchy problem), but in this paper we will not try to present a model where this hierarchy can be obtained naturally
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