Abstract

Abstract Dark matter has been detected in galaxies and clusters of galaxies, where it dominates gravity on scales larger than several kpc. Most of the dark matter in clusters has been stripped from the halos of massive galaxies. The time-varying dark matter potential affects the appearance of luminous galaxies. Thin disks of spirals thicken and gain velocity dispersion. In small galaxies tidal heating may lead to complete dissolution. Thus, dark matter plays a critical role in galaxy formation and evolution.

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