Dark Atom Solution for the Puzzles of Direct Dark Matter Search

Timur Bikbaev,Andrey Mayorov,Maxim Khlopov

doi:10.3390/ecu2021-09263

Abstract

The puzzle of direct dark matter searches can b solved in the model of an OHe dark atom, which consists of a stable O−− lepton core and a nuclear interacting (alpha particle) shell of a primordial helium nuclei. In this model, positive results of the DAMA group can be explained by annual modulation of radiative capture of OHe atoms to low-energy bound states with sodium nuclei, which does not take place under the conditions of other underground experiments. The existence of such a low-energy bound state is the key problem of the OHe model of composite dark matter. The complexity of this problem, which has not found a correct solution during the last 15 years, requires a consistent approach to its solution. Within the framework of the proposed approach to such modeling, in order to reveal the essence of the processes of interaction of OHe with the nuclei of baryonic matter, a classical model is used, to which the effects of quantum physics and final size of nuclei are successively added. The numerical model of the interaction of the “dark” OHe atom with the nuclei is developed by successive addition of realistic features of a quantum-mechanical description to the initial classical problem of three point-like bodies (O−− particle, the He nucleus and the target nucleus). The developed approach leads to a numerical model describing the OHe-nucleus system with self-consistent accounting for nuclear attraction and electromagnetic interaction of dark atom with nuclei. The model can prove the interpretation of the results of the direct underground experimental dark matter search in the terms of the dark atom hypothesis.

Highlights

IntroductionDark matter is non-baryonic and is associated with a new, unknown physics
According to modern cosmology, dark matter is non-baryonic and is associated with a new, unknown physics
A spherical coordinate system located at the center of a O−− particle, and around it along the surface of the sphere— the radius of which is equal to the radius of the atom OHe Rb—the He nucleus moves stochastically, with a constant Bohr velocity Vα

Summary

Introduction

Dark matter is non-baryonic and is associated with a new, unknown physics. If it consists of particles, they are predicted beyond the Standard Model. In order for these particles to be considered as candidates for the role of dark matter, we need them to explain as many astronomical observations as possible [1]. The most popular model is that in which elementary Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) are proposed as dark matter particles. The search for WIMPs has been unsuccessful to date, so scientists are proposing alternative versions of dark matter particles [2], in particular, stable, electrically charged particles can exist.

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Discussion

Conclusion