Abstract
are gram positive cocci encountered in various human infections.The most striking feature of is their relative and absolute resistance to variety of antibiotics.Vancomycin resistant (VRE) were first described in late 1980 and the incidence of nosocomial infections by VRE being 11.9% in Asia Pacific and 35.5% in U.S. Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity . To study the daptomycin susceptibility in isolated in urinary samples. A total of 76 strains of were isolated during the study period.25 (33%) were identified as and 51 (67%) as Most of the Enterococcal isolates (82.8%) were resistant to Norfloxacin followed by 71% being resistant to tetracycline and 76% of isolates were sensitive to nitrofurantoin. Most of the isolates were multidrug resistant. Of the 76 isolated only 2(2.63%) were VRE and both the VRE strains isolated were . There was no resistance to linezolid including the VRE strains. All the isolates 76 (100%) were sensitive to daptomycin including the VRE strains. Our study mainly focused on susceptibility of enterococcal isolates in urinary samples to daptomycin which has bactericidal activity against gram positive organisms including multidrug resistant strains. This study shows growing concern for increasing antibiotic resistance in enterococcal isolates and treatment of these infections with daptomycin is invited as there are only few reports of daptomycin non susceptible (DNSE).
Highlights
Enterococci are gram positive cocci encountered in various human infections.The most striking feature of enterococci is their relative and absolute resistance to variety of antibiotics.Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) were first described in late 1980 and the incidence of nosocomial infections by VRE being 11.9% in Asia Pacific and 35.5% in U.S Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity
There is development of High level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) in enterococcal isolates due to mutations in ribosomes and production of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes which is plasmid mediated. 13,14 Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) were first described in late 1980’s, followed by identification of different phenotypes where resistance to vancomycin is due to production of a ligase with an altered specificity which will result in formation of cell wall precursors ending in D-alanine-D-lactate rather than D-alanyl-Dalanine which is the main target for vancomycin.[15]
The incidence of nosocomial infections by VRE is increasing being 11.9% in Asia Pacific and 35.5% in U.S and the Centre for Disease Control has made several recommendations to help the control of spread of VRE strains within hospitals. β lactamase producing strains of E.faecium were found initially in 1980 and these strains were isolated in USA
Summary
Enterococci are gram positive cocci encountered in various human infections.The most striking feature of enterococci is their relative and absolute resistance to variety of antibiotics.Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) were first described in late 1980 and the incidence of nosocomial infections by VRE being 11.9% in Asia Pacific and 35.5% in U.S Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Conclusions: Our study mainly focused on susceptibility of enterococcal isolates in urinary samples to daptomycin which has bactericidal activity against gram positive organisms including multidrug resistant strains. 13,14 Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) were first described in late 1980’s, followed by identification of different phenotypes where resistance to vancomycin is due to production of a ligase with an altered specificity which will result in formation of cell wall precursors ending in D-alanine-D-lactate rather than D-alanyl-Dalanine which is the main target for vancomycin.[15] Strains exhibiting VanA phenotype show high level resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin.Van B strains exhibits moderate to high level resistance to vancomycin but are susceptible to teicoplanin. The incidence of nosocomial infections by VRE is increasing being 11.9% in Asia Pacific and 35.5% in U.S and the Centre for Disease Control has made several recommendations to help the control of spread of VRE strains within hospitals. β lactamase producing strains of E.faecium were found initially in 1980 and these strains were isolated in USA . 20
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