Abstract
Tourism is one of the economic development strategies to reduce poverty by increasing the country's foreign exchange income in developing countries. This study aimed to analyze the impact of tourism on poverty in five ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand. The data used in this study is quantitative data with secondary data types from 2000 - 2019. The analysis method used in this research method is a panel data analysis method with the Fixed Effect Model(FEM) model. In contrast to previous research, the study examined monetary variables to use financial inclusion to determine poverty rates with coverage in five ASEAN countries. The results showed that investment variables, employment rates, and financial inclusion in the tourism sector consistently reduced poverty rates in the five ASEAN countries. In contrast, tourist consumption variables did not affect poverty rates.
 
Highlights
Tourism is one of the economic development strategies to reduce poverty by increasing the country's foreign exchange income in developing countries
The results showed that investment variables, employment rates, and financial inclusion in the tourism sector consistently reduced poverty rates in the five ASEAN countries
Assessing the Role of Tourism in Poverty Alleviation : A Research Agenda
Summary
Teori Kemiskinan Lingkaran setan teori kemiskinan diperkenalkan oleh Ragnar Nurkse yang menjelaskan bahwa “poor countries are poor because they are poor”. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan jenis data sekunder yaitu perolehan data melalui pihak ketiga dalam bentuk data panel yaitu data yang terbentuk atas gabungan data time series dan data cross section. Data time series yang digunakan sebesar 20 tahun mulai periode 2000-2019 dan data cross section dari lima negara, yaitu negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Filipina, dan Thailand. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi wisatawan, investasi pariwisata, penyerapan tenaga kerja pariwisata, dan inklusi keuangan di sector pariwisata. Rancangan atau Desain Penelitian Berdasarkan perolehan data sekunder yang telah disesuaikan dengan teori, data kemudian diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis data panel dengan program E-views 9 sehingga bisa dilihat seberapa besar dampak pariwisata terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di 5 negara ASEAN. Dalam penelitian ini yaitu data time series dengan periode 2000-2019 dan data cross section dari lima negara, yaitu negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Filipina, dan Thailand. Keterangan: Y : Tingkat kemiskinan (persen) C : Konsumsi wisatawan I : Investasi pariwisata T : Penyerapan tenaga kerja pariwisata P : Inklusi keuangan pariwisata i : Entitas ke i t : Periode ke t α : Slop β : Intersep ε : Error
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