Abstract
In Indonesia, 99.8% of the businesses are SMEs. However, those SMEs only contribute to the 56.7% of the Indonesia GDP. This happened, mainly due to the limitations of SMEs which use traditional technologies in the production process. Therefore, in 2014, the Indonesian government through the Ministry of Cooperation and Small Medium Entreprises launced a new strategic plan to empowering the SMEs by applying the Advanced Manufacting Technology (AMT). It is believed that by applying the AMT in the SMEs can increase productivities, expand the market share and raised national economic growth. This study, identified the used of AMT in the Indonesia SMEs, especially in foods, beverages, herbal and handicraft sectors. Additionally, it is also measured the impact of the used of AMT in the SMEs’ performaces. In this study, it is found that 76.6 % of the total sampel (253 SMEs) declared that they use the AMT. This indicates that the Indonesia SMEs have a clear operation mission, process production, high quality products and meet the customer’s satisfaction. It is also found that the percentage of the hard technology is higher than the soft technology. This showed that there is a large effort to increase the productivity in the process production. Finally, we found that the impact of the AMT used to the SMEs’ performance in the market share, profitability and organization performance is increased significantly.
Highlights
In Indonesia, 99.8% of the businesses are SMEs
We found that the impact of the Advanced Manufacting Technology (AMT) used to the SMEs’ performance in the market share, profitability and organization performance is increased significantly
A. Buyer-Supplier Relationships in Advanced Manufacturing Technology Acquisition and Implementation in Malaysia, International Journal of Economic and Management, 2(1), 2008, pp
Summary
Konsep skema AMT telah banyak diuraikan oleh beberapa peneliti. Raymond [5] mendefinisikan AMT sebagai sistem produksi otomatis yang merupakan integrasi dari tenaga kerja, mesin, alat alat untuk perencanaan, kontol dan proses produksi termasuk pembelian bahan baku, suku cadang, komponen produksi, pengiriman, dan jasa produk akhir. Definisi AMT menurut Jonsson [7] adalah variasi teknologi yang berbasiskan penggunaan komputer untuk mengontrol atau memonitor proses manufaktur. Monge et al [2] mendefinisikan AMT adalah sebuah kumpulan teknologi berbasiskan komputer yang digunakan pada semua proses manufaktur dimulai dari input, proses dan output. Sun [11], mengkategorikan AMT menjadi empat kategori berdasarkan area implementasi: Planning and Controlling, Information resource management, Product design and development, Factory automation. Beberapa definisi UKM ditentukan oleh sejumlah faktor dan kriteria seperti lokasi, ukuran, usia perusahaan, struktur organisasi, jumlah karyawan, volume penjualan, nilai aset, kepemilikan, pengembangan teknologi dan inovasi (Rahman [17]). Jumlah karyawan dan omset penjualan tahunan yang paling sering digunakan sebagai tolok ukur untuk menentukan ukuran UKM di beberapa negara sedang berkembang. Perusahaan besar adalah unit usaha dengan jumlah tenaga kerja tetap di atas orang
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