Dammann gratings-based truly parallel optical matrix multiplication accelerator.

Abstract

Matrix multiplication (MM) is a fundamental operation in various scientific and engineering computations, as well as in artificial intelligence algorithms. Efficient implementation of MM is crucial for speeding up numerous applications. Photonics presents an opportunity for efficient acceleration of dense matrix computation, owing to its intrinsic advantages, such as huge parallelism, low latency, and low power consumption. However, most optical matrix computing architectures have been limited to realizing single-channel vector-matrix multiplication or using complex configurations to expand the number of channels, which does not fully exploit the parallelism of optics. In this study, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, scheme for the implementation of large-scale two-dimensional optical MM with truly massive parallelism based on a specially designed Dammann grating. We demonstrate a sequence of MMs of 50 pairs of randomly generated 4 × 8 and 8 × 4 matrices in our proof-of-principle experiment. The results indicate that the mean relative error is approximately 0.048, thereby demonstrating optical robustness and high accuracy.