Abstract
A three-point bending arrangement has been used to explore the effect of contact damage on the strengths of ceramics. The damage mechanisms are studied through optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The contact stresses are then analysed by the finite element method, and fracture mechanics is applied to interpret the test data. It is found that the damage process consists of two steps: formation of the strength-controlling cracks in the earlier cycles and subsequent stable crack propagation. Transfer of metal particles to the ceramic surface plays a special role in the damage process.
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