Abstract
Abstract: Information on damages caused by blast (Pyricularia oryzae) on wheat seed productivity is still scarce, especially studies on the effect of this on germination and vigor. This study aimed at evaluating blast damages on the productivity and quality of wheat seeds as a function of the initial inoculum in the field. Treatments were arranged in factorial 4x5: inoculations in four wheat genotypes (BRS 264, CD 116, CD 104 and VI 98053) with five doses of initial inoculum of P. oryzae (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of inoculated plants). The inoculation occurred in the stage of completely emerged spikes. The following determinations were made: incidence of blast in plants, dry matter mass of 100 plants, seed mass of 100 plants, productivity, germination, first count, germination speed index, dry mass of seedlings, hectolitric weight and incidence of P. oryzae in the seeds. There is a reduction in the productivity and physiological quality of the seeds of the genotypes due to the initial inoculum in the field. The transmission of P. oryzae occurs from the mother plant to the wheat seeds. In these genotypes, it is recommended not to use as seeds the ones coming from fields with blast incidence from 20% on in the plants, close to seed maturation.
Highlights
The cultivation of wheat in Brazil comprises the South, Southeast and Midwest regions, and in the last decades, the tropical regions of the country presented a great potential, with very promising results (Cargnin et al, 2009; Oliveira et al, 2011; Coelho et al, 2016)
High incidence of blast in the field occurred in all genotypes, obtained after the inoculation with the initial inoculum doses of P. oryzae (Figure 2)
In Dourados-MS, Brazil, in an area with natural presence of P. oryzae, there was variation of the wheat productivity caused by blast, according to the tested genotypes, with an average loss of 12% (Goulart et al, 2007)
Summary
The cultivation of wheat in Brazil comprises the South, Southeast and Midwest regions, and in the last decades, the tropical regions of the country presented a great potential, with very promising results (Cargnin et al, 2009; Oliveira et al, 2011; Coelho et al, 2016). Wheat production in Central Brazil has suffered significant losses caused by blast The blast has shown high potential to cause reductions in wheat productivity in the tropical regions of the country. In Minas Gerais, Brazil, fourteen wheat genotypes had a reduction in productivity as a function of the incidence of blast in two different sowing periods (Coelho et al, 2016). Researches claim that losses in wheat production caused by blast may vary and may reach up to 100% (Goulart et al, 1990; Goulart et al, 1992; Saharan et al, 2016)
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