Abstract
This paper presents a synergistic methodology to analyze damage behavior in composite laminates with transverse matrix cracks in plies of multiple orientations. The approach combines the strengths of micromechanics and continuum damage mechanics (CDM) to evaluate constraint of undamaged plies over cracked plies and this information is suitably carried through the constraint parameter in the formulation to predict stiffness reduction. The damage state in laminate with cracks in off-axis plies is characterized through CDM formulation by defining a separate damage mode for each type of crack. The methodology is validated for [0/± �4/0 1/2 ]s laminate with experimental results obtained in a previous work by Varna et al. 1 The results show remarkable agreement with experiments. Parametric studies are performed to evaluate the constraint effects of neighboring 0-deg plies over cracked ± � plies. Stiff outer plies are found to reduce the opening of cracks in inner off-axis plies resulting in less severe degradation in stiffness properties of the composite laminate.
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