Abstract
Detonation waves that sweep along the surface of a metal plate induce reduced pressure and enhanced shear, relative to the same detonation at normal incidence. Detonation waves at intermediate obliquity impress intermediate combined stress states. Release waves from the free surfaces may enter into play and contribute to the damage. Initiation of explosive at discrete points produces strong pressure, density, and velocity gradients in the gaseous explosive products in areas where the waves collide, are impressed in an adjacent metal, causing similar stress gradients within the metal that often leading to intense damage. In this work, we investigate damage generated in AISI 4130 steel by the combined effects of oblique drive and interacting detonation waves. The experimental data consist of multipoint velocimetry points probing the free surface in regions loaded by interacting detonation waves and regions between the interactions. Metallography on recovered plate records the plastic flow and damage correlated with the velocimetry data. Spall is indicated in most regions, but not some, and the alpha-epsilon stress-induced phase transformation appears in most regions, but not all.
Highlights
Interacting detonation waves produce strong gradients in the explosive products pressure, density, velocities, all of the variables of the flow
The PDV probes are just visible in both radiographs
In H4310, the probes near the detonation edge are clearly engulfed by the edge damage region
Summary
Interacting (colliding) detonation waves produce strong gradients in the explosive products pressure, density, velocities, all of the variables of the flow. Predominately cutting and spall, are observed in the 4130 plates all around the edges of the explosive. This is the expected behavior near such edges. The combined effect of the chamfer, and the thicker plate of H4310, distributes the edge damage over a much broader region near the left, or detonation, edge.
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