Abstract
The damage identification method based on macro-strain modality has shown good results for large-span flexible bridges. However, medium- and small-span bridges have a high stiffness, and the axle system is embodied. The strong time-varying vibration characteristics, coupled with the non-stationary characteristics of vehicle loads, make it difficult to accurately determine the stable strain modes of such bridges. To solve this problem, a damage localization index in the form of an amplitude vector matrix of the mutual energy density spectrum based on macro-strain was constructed using wavelet transform de-noising and reconstruction technology and cross-correlation function. The macro-static strain and macro-dynamic strain data obtained from a vehicle–bridge coupling experiment were reconstructed through wavelet transform, and the factors influencing the damage indices were analyzed. The results showed that the proposed indicators could help realize an accurate damage localization for medium- and small-span bridge systems with different damage degrees under the action of vehicle–bridge coupling.
Highlights
Transportation is vital to regional economic development, and bridges are key to maintaining a smooth traffic flow
In highway and railway bridges, the vast majority of bridges are medium- and small-span bridges
Due to the increase in vehicle load, structural deterioration, and structural form that do not conform to the current specification, the tilting erosion and fracture of medium- and small-span bridges have occurred
Summary
Transportation is vital to regional economic development, and bridges are key to maintaining a smooth traffic flow. Identifying damages in a time-varying bridge based on the macro-strain modal test method is challenging, and the existing macro-strain theory cannot be directly applied to the damage identification of medium- and small-span bridges [18,19]. Liu [24] employed the curvature of the displacement response and the cross-correlation function of the vehicle-excited bridge response as damage indices and applied the time–frequency analysis method of lifting wavelet transforms to identify bridge damage under moving loads This method does not require damage-free structural response information, and the damage can be identified through the vibration response data of the bridge under different moving loads. The experimental results showed that the proposed indicators could achieve precise damage localization for medium- and small-span bridge systems with different damage degrees under the action of vehicle–bridge coupling
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