Daily monitoring of vaginal interleukin 6 as a predictor of intraamniotic inflammation after preterm premature rupture of membranes- a new method of sampling studied in a prospective multicenter trial.

Abstract

(A) To introduce a new technique for vaginal fluid sampling (biocompatible synthetic fiber sponge) and (B)evaluate the collected vaginal fluid interleukine-6 (IL-6vag)-concentration as a new diagnostic tool for daily monitoring of intrauterine inflammation after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Secondary objectives were to compare the potential to predict an intrauterine inflammation with established inflammation parameters (e.g., maternal white blood cell count). This prospective clinical case-control diagnostic accuracy multicenter study was performed with women after PPROM (gestational age 24.0/7- 34.0/7weeks). Sampling of vaginal fluid was performed once daily. IL-6vag was determined by electrochemiluminescence-immunoassay-kit. Neonatal outcome and placental histology results were used to retrospectively allocate the cohort into two subgroups: 1) inflammation and 2) no inflammation (controls). A total of 37 cases were included in the final analysis. (A): Measurement of IL-6 was successful in 86% of 172 vaginal fluid samples. (B): Median concentration of IL-6vag in the last vaginal fluid sample before delivery was significantly higher within the inflammation group (17,085pg/mL) compared to the controls (1,888pg/mL; p=0.01). By Youden's index an optimal cut-off for prediction an intrauterine inflammation was: 6,417pg/mL. Two days before delivery, in contrast to all other parameters IL-6vag remained the only parameter with a sufficient AUC of 0.877, p<0.001, 95%CI [0.670-1.000]. This study established a new technique for vaginal fluid sampling, which permits assessment of IL-6vag concentration noninvasively in clinical daily routine monitoring.