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Abstract
Purpose: Many diabetic patients experience depression/anxiety and poor Quality of Life (QoL). Daily life Physical Activity (PA) is linked to improved depression/anxiety and QoL across various patients, but relevant studies in diabetic patients are scarce. This preliminary study examined if daily life PA is linked to better depression/anxiety and QoL in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Methods: A total of 51 adult T2D outpatients (Mean age = 63.31 years; Standard Deviation = 13.88) completed questionnaires for PA, QoL and depression/anxiety. Descriptive and correlation statistics were computed for all variables of interest. Hierarchical regression analysis examined if days of PA at light, moderate or vigorous intensity predict improved depression/anxiety and QoL. Results: The sample was insufficiently active; also, 32% showed poor QoL, and 22% and 30%, respectively, had at least moderate depression or anxiety symptoms. Days of PA at light and moderate but not at vigorous intensity demonstrated small-to-moderate inverse correlations with improved depression/anxiety and QoL. Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that, after controlling for age and body mass index, days of PA at light and moderate intensities predicted lower depression and explained 39% of the variance, whereas only days of PA at light intensity predicted lower anxiety and better QoL, explaining, respectively, 30% and 40% of the variance. Discussion: This preliminary study for adults with T2D found that days of light and moderate intensity PA were linked to improved depression, but days of only light intensity PA were linked to improved anxiety and QoL. Findings are encouraging, especially since our sample was insufficiently active. However, larger samples with T2D adults are needed for firmer conclusions.
Highlights
Diabetes is a chronic medical condition, in which body cells cannot activate hormone insulin to move increased glucose from blood
Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that, after controlling for age and body mass index, days of Physical Activity (PA) at light and moderate intensities predicted lower depression and explained 39% of the variance, whereas only days of PA at light intensity predicted lower anxiety and better Quality of Life (QoL), explaining, respectively, 30% and 40% of the variance. This preliminary study for adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) found that days of light and moderate intensity PA were linked to improved depression, but days of only light intensity PA were linked to improved anxiety and QoL
In light of the lack of previous research exploring the mental health correlators of daily life PA in T2D adult patients, this study examined whether daily life PA predicts improved depressive/anxiety symptoms and QoL in mature-adult patients with T2D
Summary
Diabetes is a chronic medical condition, in which body cells cannot activate hormone insulin to move increased glucose from blood. In the US, 10.5% of adults are diabetic (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020), with 90% to 95% being diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). All T2D treatments require intensive blood sugar monitoring. In light of this challenge, blood glucose is often dysregulated, causing physical health diseases (e.g., cardiovascular or kidney diseases). Diabetic patients report depression and anxiety twice as much as the general population (Anderson, Freedland, Clouse, & Lustman, 2001), and poor quality of life (QoL) (Daniele, Bruin, Oliveira, Pompeu, & Forti, 2013; Wändell, Brorsson, & Åberg, 1997). -operated effective interventions are needed to improve depression/anxiety and QoL in T2D patients
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