Daily experiences of type 1 diabetes stress across adulthood.

Abstract

Daily diabetes stressful events take a toll on individuals with type 1 diabetes, and these experiences may look different across adulthood. The aims of the current study were to understand the nature of daily diabetes stress across adulthood and explore whether these experiences differed by age. In this qualitative study, adults with T1D (N=199, Mage =46.81years) described the most stressful event related to their diabetes each evening as part of a 14-day diary. Using a grounded theory approach, diabetes stressful events were coded for where they occurred, the source of stress (i.e. interpersonal or not), and content (e.g. sleep; blood glucose checking; frustration). Participants reported having a diabetes-related stressful event on 58% (M=0.58, SD=(0.25)) of days. Daily stressful events included issues of diabetes management, diabetes-related interference to or from other areas of life, and negative impact on psychological well-being, but rarely included a social component. Older adults were less likely to report having a diabetes-related stressful event, but were more likely to report that stressful events occurred at home, compared to younger adults. The lived experience of diabetes-related stress appears similar across ages, with individuals continuing to experience generally the same types of diabetes-related events in similar frequencies. Interventions to help improve diabetes outcomes or well-being may benefit from targeting the most commonly experienced areas of stress, which includes reducing the interference of daily activities to and by diabetes management.