Daily energy intake seen in obese Kashmiri population and compare the same with Recommended dietary allowances as per ICMR guidelines

Abstract

AIM: Daily energy intake seen in obese Kashmiris aged 18-45 years and compare the same for Recommended dietary allowances of Indians as per ICMR guidelines Materials and Methods: Multistage and multiphasic sampling technique was utilized in this study based on WHO classification of obesity according to BMI of 18-45 years of age. Each household was visited and only the subjects having age of 18-45 years were included in this study and this comprised of 5107 subjects, then identified obese cases with the help of height and weight techniques.Only those people who had simple obesity were included in the study. All the obese respondents were asked to report all foods and beverages consumed over the previous 24 hour time period (midnight to midnight). For accuracy, respondents were first asked to recall all food items in an uninterrupted manner, and then specific probes for the types of foods, preparation ingredients, and the amount were verified for the food items mentioned.The portion sizes were converted into grams before the data entry, and the energy intake was compared with the recommended dietary allowances for Indians by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), 2009 .An unquantified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed to assess the usual dietary intake over a week period to minimize the effect of day- to-day variation in dietary intake . The data was collected and analyzed statistically.RESULTS: Among obese males,if life style is sedentary the requirement was 2320 kcal/day & deviation seen is+ 207kcal/day.For moderate work ,requirement is 2730kcal/day & deviation was + 243kcal/day & for heavy work, requirement is 3490 kcal/day and the deviation seen was + 282 kcal/day.Among obese females, if life style is sedentary the requirement was 1900 kcal/day & deviation seen is+ 337kcal/day.For moderate work ,requirement is 2230kcal/day & deviation was + 171kcal/day & for heavy work, requirement is 2850 kcal/day and the deviation seen was + 249 kcal/day.CONCLUSION: As populations become more urban and incomes rise, diets high in sugar, fat and animal products replace more traditional diets that were high in complex carbohydrates and fibre. Unique traditional food habits are being replaced by westernized fast foods, soft drinks and increased meat consumption. Homogenizations and westernization of the global diet has increased the energy density.