Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the links between coffee (CF)/green tea (GT) consumption and body composition/cardiovascular parameters in middle-aged Japanese women. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 232 Japanese women aged 40–65 years who had been referred to the menopause clinic of Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between November 2007 and August 2017. Body composition, cardiovascular parameters, and CF/GT consumption frequency were evaluated on their initial visits, using a body composition analyzer, vascular screening system, and brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, respectively. We investigated the associations between variables using multivariate logistic regression. After adjustment for age, menopausal status, and other factors, daily CF consumption was inversely associated with high body mass index (BMI) (adjusted odds ratio, 0.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.14–0.96) and body fat percentage (BF%) (0.33; 0.14–0.82), and daily GT consumption with high BF% (0.36; 0.14–0.96). Daily CF + GT consumption was also inversely associated with high BMI (0.15; 0.05–0.50) and BF% (0.30; 0.12–0.74). In pre- and perimenopausal women, daily CF + GT consumption was inversely associated with high cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) (0.05; 0.003–0.743). In conclusion, daily CF/GT consumption was inversely associated with high BMI, BF%, and CAVI in middle-aged Japanese women.
Highlights
In the menopausal transition and postmenopausal periods, a reduction in estrogen levels causes various symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, depression, anxiety, and insomnia, and changes fat distribution from subcutaneous to visceral adiposity, which is one of the major risk factors of atheromatous arteriosclerosis
In pre- and perimenopausal women, the daily intake of both CF and green tea (GT) was inversely associated with high cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)
The combined intake of CF and GT was inversely associated with high CAVI in pre- and perimenopausal women; the intake of CF or GT alone did not show any inverse relationship
Summary
In the menopausal transition (perimenopausal) and postmenopausal periods, a reduction in estrogen levels causes various symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, depression, anxiety, and insomnia, and changes fat distribution from subcutaneous to visceral adiposity, which is one of the major risk factors of atheromatous arteriosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease [1]. It is the main pathophysiological cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are the biggest causes of death worldwide. Considering that the prevalence of CVDs steeply increases after menopause [3,4,5,6], it is important to lower the risk of atheromatous arteriosclerosis in middle-aged women.
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