Abstract
Twenty one of 29 species of snappers (Lutjanidae), examined for dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea) from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Indo-west and eastern Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea were parasitized by 16 new and 11 previously described species of Euryhaliotrema: Euryhaliotrema adelpha sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema anecorhizion sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cardinale sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema chrysotaeniae, Euryhaliotrema cognatus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema cryptophallus sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema diplops sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema distinctum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fajeravilae sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema fastigatum, Euryhaliotrema fatuum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema ferocis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema hainanense, Euryhaliotrema longibaculum, Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema paracanthi, Euryhaliotrema paululum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema perezponcei, Euryhaliotrema ramulum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema seyi sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema simplicis sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema spirotubiforum, Euryhaliotrema tormocleithrum sp. nov., Euryhaliotrema torquecirrus, Euryhaliotrema tubocirrus, Euryhaliotrema xinyingense, and Euryhaliotrema youngi sp. nov. Six species of Euryhaliotrema, previously reported from lutjanid hosts, were not collected: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema guangdongense, Euryhaliotrema johni, Euryhaliotrema lutiani, Euryhaliotrema lutjani, and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The diagnosis of Euryhaliotrema was emended to include species having tandem or slightly overlapping gonads, a pretesticular germarium, a globose haptor with morphologically similar anchors and hooks, a coiled or meandering male copulatory organ, a dextral vaginal pore, and hooks with upright acute thumbs and slender shanks comprised of one subunit. A bulbous base of the MCO and presence of an accessory piece in the copulatory complex were no longer considered features defining the genus. As a result, Euryhaliotrematoides and Aliatrema were placed in subjective synonymy with Euryhaliotrema, and the following transfers were proposed: Euryhaliotrema annulocirrus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema aspistis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema berenguelae comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema cribbi comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema grandis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema mehen comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema microphallus comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema pirulum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema triangulovagina comb. nov. In addition, the following new combinations were proposed based on the revised diagnosis of the genus: Euryhaliotrema anguiformis comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema eukurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema kurodai comb. nov., Euryhaliotrema monoporosum comb. nov., and Euryhaliotrema nanaoense comb. nov. The dactylogyrids, Protancyrocephalus rangusi (from a lutjanid host) and Daitreosoma chaetodontis (from a chaetodontid host), were considered species inquirendae. Haliotrematoides tukerhamatus comb. nov. is considered the senior subjective synonym of Haliotrematoides nagabinae. New host records for some previously described species of Euryhaliotrema from lutjanid and chaetodontid hosts were reported.
Highlights
The Lutjanidae (Perciformes) includes 108 primarily reefdwelling marine species (ESCHMEYER & FRICKE 2011) occurring in the tropical and subtropical waters of the eastern Pacific, Indowest Pacific, and eastern and western Atlantic Oceans (ALLEN 1985)
Species currently assigned to Euryhaliotrema, Euryhaliotrematoides and Aliatrema share many morphological features, including tandem or slightly overlapping gonads, a pretesticular germarium, a globose haptor with morphologically similar anchors/bar complexes and hooks, a coiled or meandering male copulatory organ (MCO), a dextral vaginal pore, and hooks with an upright acute thumb and slender shank comprised of one subunit
His drawings of the haptoral and the copulatory sclerites suggest that he was dealing with a minimum of two different dactylogyrid species, both of which clearly belong in Euryhaliotrema
Summary
The gills of twenty nine species of snappers (Lutjanidae) were examined for dactylogyrids: yellowbanded snapper, Lutjanus adettii (Castelnau); mutton snapper, Lutjanus analis (Cuvier); schoolmaster snapper, Lutjanus apodus (Walbaum); mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål); yellow snapper, Lutjanus argentiventris (Peters); mullet snapper, Lutjanus auratus (Günther); two-spot red snapper, Lutjanus bohar (Forsskål); northern red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus (Poey); Spanish red snapper, Lutjanus carponotatus (Richardson); Colorado snapper, Lutjanus colorado Jordan & Gilbert; cubera snapper, Lutjanus cyanopterus (Cuvier); blackspot snapper, Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters); dory snapper, Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskål); blacktail snapper, Lutjanus fulvus (Forster); humpback snapper, Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskål); grey snapper, Lutjanus griseus (Linnaeus); spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner); dog snapper, Lutjanus jocu (Bloch & Schneider); common blue stripe snapper, Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål); mahogony snapper, Lutjanus mahogoni (Cuvier); Malabar blood snapper, Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider); five-lined snapper, Lutjanus quinquelineatus (Bloch); blubberlip snapper, Lutjanus rivulatus (Cuvier); Russell’s snapper, Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker); emperor red snapper, Lutjanus sebae (Cuvier); lane snapper, Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus); brownstripe snapper, Lutjanus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard); yellowtail snapper, Ocyurus chrysurus (Bloch); and vermillion snapper, Rhomboplites aurorubens (Cuvier). Descriptions of new species were based on specimens collected from the type locality and type host; all other specimens of the respective species were considered voucher specimens. Measurements of the new species are from specimens collected from the type host and type locality. Type and voucher specimens collected during the present study were deposited in the U.S National Parasite Collection (USNPC), Beltsville, Maryland, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commissions’s Fish and Wildlife Research Institutes’ Invertebrate Specimen Collection (FSBC-I), St. Petersburg, Florida, and the helminth collections of the Queensland Museum (QM), Brisbane, Australia; and the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France, as indicated in the respective species accounts. Twenty one of 29 species of snappers (Lutjanidae), examined from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Indo-west and eastern Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, were parasitized by 16 new and 11 previously described species of Euryhaliotrema (Tab. I). A specimen of an unidentified species of Euryhaliotrema (species 1, USNPC 105462) was collected from a yellowbanded snapper, Lutjanus adettii, off Australia; and along with new and previously described species, two unidentified species of Euryhaliotrema
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