Abstract
A wide range of medications available for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are inadequate to maintain the glycemic control at HbA1c <7%, hence development of novel drug with different mechanism of action is desirable. Type 2 sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) is a 672-amino acid, high capacity, low affinity transporter express nearly exclusively in the S1 segment of the renal proximal tubule. Since SGLT2 mediates the majority of renal glucose reabsorption from the glomerular filtrate, inhibiting SGLT2 is believed to be able to decrease the glucose level to achieve glycemic control. Dapagliflozin (7), a leading compound with a structure of C-arylglucoside, can bind to but not be transported by SGLT2, andacts as a potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor. Various glycoform, such as N-glucosides, S-glucosides, thio-C-glucosides and dioxa-bicyclo-[3.2.1]octane have been studied for their effect on SGLT2 inhibitions but no report was published on glucofuranosides which contain 1% composition of sugars in aqueous solution. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel (1S)-1,4-anhydro-1-C-aryl-D-glucitol derivatives. To get these compounds, 2 key intermediates—perbenzylated D-glucono-gamma-lactone 46 and C-benzylaldehyde glucoside 65, were synthesized and they were sequentially subjected to the coupling reaction and Grignard reaction to afford the desired structures. The inhibitory effect of compounds 32a-32r on the uptake of [14C]-AMG were tested in COS-7 cell stably expressing hSGLT1, the results showed no inhibitory activity of these compounds at 5 μM against hSGLT1. Further study on the cell-based assay of hSGLT2 is still in progress.
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