Abstract
Background:Breast cancer is the most common cause of death in women by neoplasia. Plasma D-dimer is a hypercoagulability and fibrinolytic system marker, which is produced when factor XIIIa (a cross-linked fibrin) is degraded by plasmin. It is increased in various solid tumour patients including breast, lung, prostate, cervical and colorectal cancers. Methods:30 patients of breast carcinoma who underwent radical mastectomy (cases) and 30 cases without carcinoma (controls) were included. The baseline parameters (D-dimer levels) were measured in both cases and controls. From each patient, whole blood was collected and Quantitative D-dimer levels were obtained by Diazyme’s D-dimer Assay using the instrument, RANDOX Rx imola. Other parameters such as histopathological features, hormonal receptors (ER & PR) and HER2/neu status were studied in cases.Result:Mean plasma D-dimer levels were significantly higher in patients with breast carcinoma before surgery as compared to after surgery (p<0.001). Quantitative D-dimer levels highly correlated with lymph node status and histopathological grading (p=0.003, p=0.015 respectively).Conclusion: Our study showed that high plasma D-dimer levels can be used as a marker for lymph node involvement and higher histopathological grade. Due to the ease with which plasma D-dimer levels can be obtained and its cost effectiveness, quantitative D-dimer levels can be added to models for predicting axillary lymph node involvement.DOI:10.21276/APALM.1664
Highlights
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and accounts for 29% of all cancers diagnosed each year worldwide
Our study showed that high plasma D-dimer levels can be used as a marker for lymph node involvement and higher histopathological grade
Due to the ease with which plasma D-dimer levels can be obtained and its cost effectiveness, quantitative D-dimer levels can be added to models for predicting axillary lymph node involvement
Summary
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and accounts for 29% of all cancers diagnosed each year worldwide. D-dimer levels are elevated in the plasma of various solid tumour patients including breast, lung, prostate, cervical and colorectal cancers. A significant relationship has been noted between presence of elevated D-dimer and involved axillary lymph nodes.[4]Overexpression of HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), is associated with a poorer clinical outcome and patients with the hormone receptor negative and HER2/neu-negative status tend to present a less favourable prognosis than do those with HER2/neu-positive status.[1]. Plasma D-dimer is a hypercoagulability and fibrinolytic system marker, which is produced when factor XIIIa (a cross-linked fibrin) is degraded by plasmin. It is increased in various solid tumour patients including breast, lung, prostate, cervical and colorectal cancers
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