Cytotoxicity of spherical gold nanoparticles synthesised using aqueous extracts of aerial roots of Rhaphidophora aurea (Linden ex Andre) intertwined over Lawsonia inermis and Areca catechu on MCF‐7 cell line

Abstract

A facile synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using the aqueous extracts of the aerial roots of Rhaphidophora aurea (Linden ex Andre) intertwined over Lawsonia inermis and Areca catechu was carried out under different conditions, namely room temperature, higher temperature, sonication, solar irradiation and pH variation. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 536 and 575 nm obtained in UV-visible spectrum revealed the formation of AuNP's. The sharp SPR band of the synthesised nanogold indicates the formation of spherical-shaped and uniform-sized nanoparticles. The TEM analysis revealed spherical nanogold particles of size 35 and 10 nm for MM and MP extracts. The secondary metabolites present in the aqueous extract are suggested to be responsible for the reduction of metal ions to metal nanoparticles as evidenced from results of FTIR analysis. Rapid synthesis of GNPs by sunlight is the production of microscopic grains of gold due to the dissociation of gold chloride. This may induce the reaction between secondary metabolites and gold chloride solutions and results in GNPs. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesised nanogold studied against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed significant activity at higher concentration.