Abstract
BackgroundMultidrug resistance (MDR) is a major hurdle for cancer treatment worldwide and accounts for chemotherapy failure in over 90% of patients with metastatic cancer. Evidence of the cytotoxicity of Cameroonian plants against cancer cell lines including MDR phenotypes is been intensively and progressively provided. The present work was therefore designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts of twenty-two Cameroonian medicinal plants against sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines.MethodsThe methanol maceration was used to obtain the crude plant extracts whilst the cytotoxicity of the studied extracts was determined using a resazurin reduction assay.ResultsA preliminary assay on leukemia CCRF-CEM cells at 40 μg/mL shows that six of the twenty plant extract were able to enhance less than 50% of the growth proliferation of CCRF-CEM cells. These include Crinum zeylanicum (32.22%), Entada abyssinica (34.67%), Elaoephorbia drupifera (35.05%), Dioscorea bulbifera (45.88%), Eremomastax speciosa (46.07%) and Polistigma thonningii (45.11%). Among these six plants, E. drupifera showed the best activity with IC50 values below or around 30 μg/mL against the nine tested cancer cell lines. The lowest IC50 value of 8.40 μg/mL was recorded with the extract of E. drupifera against MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line. The IC50 values below 10 μg/mL were recorded with the extracts of E. drupifera against MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, C. zeylanicum against HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116p53-/- colon cancer cells and E. abyssinica against HCT116 p53+/+ cells.ConclusionThe results of the present study provide evidence of the cytotoxic potential of some Cameroonian medicinal plants and a baseline information for the potential use of Elaoephorbia drupifera in the treatment of sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cell lines.
Highlights
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major hurdle for cancer treatment worldwide and accounts for chemotherapy failure in over 90% of patients with metastatic cancer
The escape of cancer cells from chemotherapy by multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms is until now a major reason for systemic cancer treatment failure
Some of the plants identified so far include Echinops giganteus, Imperata cylindrica, Piper capense and Xylopia aethiopica which displayed considerable activities against the P-glycoprotein-expressing adriamycin-resistant cell line, CEM/ADR5000 [7,12]. This encourage us to move forward to search for new cytotoxic agents from Cameroonian medicinal plants, with emphasis on MDR phenotypes with different mechanism of action
Summary
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major hurdle for cancer treatment worldwide and accounts for chemotherapy failure in over 90% of patients with metastatic cancer. The present work was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts of twenty-two Cameroonian medicinal plants against sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines. Some of the plants identified so far include Echinops giganteus, Imperata cylindrica, Piper capense and Xylopia aethiopica which displayed considerable activities against the P-glycoprotein-expressing adriamycin-resistant cell line, CEM/ADR5000 [7,12]. This encourage us to move forward to search for new cytotoxic agents from Cameroonian medicinal plants, with emphasis on MDR phenotypes with different mechanism of action. The present work was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of twenty-two Cameroonian plants against both sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cell lines
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