Abstract
New mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) formulations are constantly introduced in the market, usually in a powder-and-liquid form. Bioceramic (Bio-C) Repair is a ready-for-use material suggested as substitute for MTA, but its properties need to be studied. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and biomineralization of Bio-C Repair compared to MTA Repair High-Plasticity (MTA-HP) and white MTA-Angelus (MTA-Ang). L929 fibroblasts were exposed to material-extracted (undiluted, ½ and ¼ dilutions; 6, 24 and 48h). Polyethylene tubes with material or empty (control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. After 7 and 30 days (n=8), the specimens were removed for analysis (hematoxylin-eosin, von Kossa and polarized light). Cytotoxicity data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and biocompatibility data by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). The cells exposed to the materials had greater viability at most of the periods compared with control (p<0.05). The undiluted and ½ dilutions of MTA-HP extract showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at 6 h and with the ¼ dilution at 24 h (p<0.05); the white MTA-Ang showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at most of periods (p<0.05). The undiluted white MTA-Ang extract had higher cytocompatibility at 6 and 24h than MTA-HP, and with ½ dilution at 24h (p<0.05). The materials' cytocompatibility was similar at 48h for most dilutions (p>0.05). At 7 and 30 days, the groups had moderate and mild inflammation, respectively (p>0.05). All materials showed positive structures for von Kossa and polarized light. In conclusion, Bio-C Repair had similar cytocompatibility to MTA-based materials is biocompatible and induces biomineralization.
Highlights
It is a material with high biocompatibility (1) and is widely used for various applications, such as furcation or root perforation treatment, internal or external reabsorption treatment, retrofilling in apical microsurgery, pulp capping, apexification, apexogenesis and pulpotomy (2), mineral aggregated trioxide (MTA) presents some drawbacks (2)
The mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-HP showed excellent biological properties compared to its precursor, white MTA-Angelus® (MTA-Ang; Angelus Indústria de Odontológicos S/A) (1), along with better push-out bond strength (3) and slightly higher pH (4)
The search for a more handled material is constant, and for this, a new formulation of a readyto-use bioceramic reparative material was developed. This experimental material is called Bioceramic (Bio-C) Repair (Angelus Indústria de Odontológicos S/A), and it is not provided in powder-and-liquid form; instead, it is offered as a single product stored in a syringe, thereby eliminating the need to manipulate the material
Summary
It is a material with high biocompatibility (1) and is widely used for various applications, such as furcation or root perforation treatment, internal or external reabsorption treatment, retrofilling in apical microsurgery, pulp capping, apexification, apexogenesis and pulpotomy (2), mineral aggregated trioxide (MTA) presents some drawbacks (2). Inflammatory reaction of the tissues that were in contact with the material on the open end of the tubes were scored, according to previous studies (1,8), as follows: 1, no or few inflammatory cells and no reaction; 2, fewer than 25 cells and mild reaction; 3, between 25 and cells and moderate reaction; 4, or more cells and severe reaction. These scores were applied to the separate counting of macrophages (10,11).
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