Abstract
Composites have been proven to have a cytotoxiceffect on a variety of tissues and cells. Aim: The aim of thisstudy was to analyse the degree of conversion of resinsand its correlation with the cell viability in primary gingivalfibroblasts. Methods: Resin-based silorane (Filtek P90)and conventional methacrylate resins (Filtek Z100, FiltekZ250 and Filtek Z350XT) were used to evaluate cell viabilityand the degree of conversion. The resins were light-cured bya LED for 20 and 40 seconds. The degree of conversion wasanalysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Cellularmetabolism was evaluated after 24 hours by the MTT assay(n = 6) using the storage solution of composite resin foreither 24 hours or 12 days. Variance analysis (ANOVA) witha Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05) was performed to comparethe groups. Results: The composite Filtek P90 showed ahigher degree of conversion when polymerised for 40 or20 seconds, while the composites Filtek Z100, Filtek Z250 andFiltek Z350XT showed similar degree of conversion. Only theFiltek Z100 resin was cytotoxic. Conclusion: We found nostatistically significant correlation between cell viability andthe degree of conversion.
Highlights
Light-cured composite materials have been used as fillers in restorative dentistry for a number of years and are an established alternative to amalgam[1]
The composite Filtek P90 showed a higher degree of conversion when polymerised for 40 or 20 seconds, while the composites Filtek Z100, Filtek Z250 and Filtek Z350XT showed similar degree of conversion
The cell viability The mitochondrial reducing activity assessed with the MTT assay was inhibited only by Filtek Z100 (20 and 40 seconds) in both periods of pre-incubation (24 hours or 12 days)
Summary
Light-cured composite materials have been used as fillers in restorative dentistry for a number of years and are an established alternative to amalgam[1]. It has been demonstrated that composite restorative materials continue to release resin monomers and other components even after polymerisation. Degradation can lead to resin-based dental material components leaching into the oral environment and initiating adverse effects[2]. Previous studies revealed a variety of potential cytotoxic and metabolic effects due to the leaching of these methacrylates from the restorations, such as teeth sensitivity, local immunological effects, chronic inflammatory reactions of human pulps, genotoxicity and apoptosis[2,3,4]. Due to the severe cytotoxicity of some traditional composites like methacrylate, industries are searching and developing new materials and new strategies. Materials based on modern chemistry (e.g. silorane, Ormocer) have been shown to be the most biocompatible[5]
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