Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induction of 6,7-Dehydroroyleanone from Taiwania cryptomerioides Bark Essential Oil in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

Guan-Rong Chen,Shang-Tzen Chang,Hui-Ting Chang,Mei-Ling Chang,Yu-Tung Ho

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14020351

Guan-Rong Chen, Shang-Tzen Chang + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020351

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Journal: Pharmaceutics	Publication Date: Feb 2, 2022
Citations: 6	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: National Taiwan University, Shih Chien University

Abstract

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Taiwania cryptomerioides essential oil and its phytochemical on the Hep G2 cell line (human hepatocellular carcinoma). Bark essential oil has significant cytotoxicity to Hep G2 cells, and S3 fraction is the most active fraction in cytotoxicity to Hep G2 cells among the six fractions. The diterpenoid quinone, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, was isolated from the active S3 fraction by bioassay-guided isolation. 6,7-Dehydroroyleanone exhibited significant cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells, and the efficacy of 6,7-dehydroroyleanone was better than the positive control, etoposide. Apoptosis analysis of Hep G2 cells with different treatments was characterized via flow cytometry to confirm the cell death situation. Etoposide and 6,7-dehydroroyleanone could induce the apoptosis in Hep G2 cells using flow cytometric assay. Results revealed 6,7-dehydroroyleanone from T. cryptomerioides bark essential oil can be a potential phytochemical to develop the anticancer chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of the human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Highlights

Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata (Taxodaiceae) is one of the essential woody plants and distributed around Southeast Asia
Previous studies have shown that natural products from T. cryptomerioides possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-mite, mosquito larvicidal, anti-termite, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral activities [1–8]. α-Cadinol, sesquiterpenoid separated from T. cryptomerioides heartwood, exhibited antiproliferative activity on Human colon adenocarcinoma cells [3]
The antiproliferation of bark essential oil was increased with the concentration

Summary

Introduction

Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata (Taxodaiceae) is one of the essential woody plants and distributed around Southeast Asia. Researchers have investigated the phytochemical and bioactivities of extracts from T. cryptomerioides heartwood and bark, which are rich in terpenoids and lignans. Previous studies have shown that natural products from T. cryptomerioides possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-mite, mosquito larvicidal, anti-termite, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral activities [1–8]. Α-Cadinol, sesquiterpenoid separated from T. cryptomerioides heartwood, exhibited antiproliferative activity on Human colon adenocarcinoma cells [3]. Taiwanin A, the dibenzyl-γ-butyrolactone-type lignan, displayed superior antitumor activity against A-549 lung carcinoma and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell line among the isolated lignans and sesquiterpenoids from T. Hepatocellular carcinoma, primary liver cancer, is one of the main leading causes of cancer-related death in the world; major therapies are surgical resection, liver transplant, radio frequency ablation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, etc. Lenvatinib, regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab; hepatocellular carcinoma still lacks more effectual pharmacotherapies [10,11].

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