Abstract
It is of interest to study the cytotoxicity of silibinin assisted silver nanoparticles in human colorectal (HT-29) cancer cells. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using silibinin as a reducing agent. The synthesized silibinin assisted silver nanoparticles ( SSNPs) were characterized and analyzed using a transmission electron microscope and spectrophotometer. The SSNPs synthesized in this study are spherical and their size ranges from 10 to 80 nm. HT-29 cells were treated with different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ng/mL) of SSNPs and cytotoxicity was evaluated. The apoptosis was using flow cytometry. p53 protein expression using western blot. SSNPs are induced a decrease in viability and increased concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in HT-29 cells. SSNPs treatment also caused apoptosis-related morphological changes. SSNPs treatments at 8 and 16 ng/ml showed a prominent apoptotic change i.e., 70.3% and 83.6% respectively, and decreased viability of HT-29 cells 20% and 11.2% respectively as compared to control cells. SSNPs treatments induced p53 expression in HT-29 cells. Data shows that SSNPs have the potential to induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. This provides insights for the further evaluation of SSNPs in fighting colon cancer.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) kills almost 700,000 people annually, making it one of the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and it accounts for approximately 10% of cancerrelated mortality in Western countries [1,2,3]
Studies showed that various types of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles are employed for the analysis of anticancer potential against HT-29 and other gastrointestinal cancer cell lines [16,17,18]
The visual color changes to brown color confirmed the syntheses of silibinin assisted silver nanoparticles (SSNPs) (Figure 1A)
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) kills almost 700,000 people annually, making it one of the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and it accounts for approximately 10% of cancerrelated mortality in Western countries [1,2,3]. Various factors have associated with progression of colon cancer including mutation, bacterial infection and irradiation [4,5,6]. Despite significant clinical management involving targeted therapies, chemo/radiotherapies, and surgical procedures, CRC remains one of the frequent causes for cancer-related death worldwide and it is cause for concern [11]. Chemo/radiotherapy is responsible for off-target side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis with taste alteration, alopecia, constipation, fatigue, anorexia, sleep disturbance, headache, anemia and dry skin [12,13]. Studies showed that various types of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles are employed for the analysis of anticancer potential against HT-29 and other gastrointestinal cancer cell lines [16,17,18]. Various metal oxide NPs, including silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide, have been investigated for their anticancer activities [19,20,21]
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