Cytotoxic Drug Contamination on the Outside of Vials Delivered to a Hospital Pharmacy

Abstract

We recently carried out a study of two UK hospital pharmacy units preparing cytotoxic drugs using isolators that showed low level contamination on floor surfaces and disposable gloves worn by staff. It has been suggested that this level of contamination may be related to some level of contamination on the drug vials as delivered from manufacturers rather than leakage from the isolators. We have investigated the level of cytotoxic drug contamination on the external surfaces of the drug vials as delivered to a hospital pharmacy stores. We monitored 30, randomly chosen vials for the drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and methotrexate using well-established methods. A 0.5 m2 floor area directly in front of the shelves used for storing the cytotoxic drugs was also wipe sampled and the disposable gloves worn while wiping the vials for each drug were also analysed. A significant number of vials had a quantifiable level of external contamination. Levels of contamination up to 344 ng/vial were found. Levels of glove and floor contamination for some drugs were found to be comparable with values found in our study of the clean rooms where the isolators were situated and the pharmacy staff prepared the cytotoxic drugs.