Cytotoxic, Antioxidant and Antifatigue Activities of 8 Cultivated Varieties<i>myricarubra</i> Kernel and Residue Extracts

Abstract

The development of bayberry product has been long restricted to the under utilised residue and the waste of the kernels. In this paper, we aimed to investigate whether the waste part of bayberry produced during juice processing may possess potent beneficial role to use for our health promotion. In fruit residue and kernels parts from eight different cultivars, determination of cyaniding-3-O-glucoiside (C3G) levels using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), various functional assays including antioxidant, and antifungal assays in vitro, cytotoxic assays and also antifatigue assays in vivo using reducing testes, rectangular cantilever method, small microtiter-plate method and mice loaded swimming test, respectively. The results of the HPLC method showed the extracts of residue were rich in cyaniding-3-O-glucoside, especially in Myricarubra Sieb. Et Zucc. cv. Biqi (212.8 mg·g<SUP>-1</SUP> from Ninghai and 185.7 mg·g<SUP>-1</SUP> from Yuyao). The results of the activity experiments showed the TE values of the extract from Biqi were between 334 and 506 mmol·g<SUP>-1</SUP> detected by different methods. The duration of loaded swimming to exhaust prolonged from 614±158s to 1012±205s. The MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values of different species of kernels extracts against 8 different fungi ranged from 0.5000 to 0.0625 mg·mL<SUP>-1</SUP>. The LC50 were from 49-316 μg·mL<SUP>-1</SUP>. In conclusion, the waste part of bayberry produced during juice processing, the residue and kernels, is of potential application value. However, further study is required.