Abstract
Five new anthranilic acid derivatives, penipacids A–E (1–5), together with one known analogue (6), which was previously synthesized, were characterized from the ethyl acetate extract of the marine sediment-derived fungus Penicillium paneum SD-44. Their structures were elucidated mainly by extensive NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compounds 1, and 5 exhibited inhibitory activity against human colon cancer RKO cell line, while compound 6 displayed cytotoxic activity against Hela cell line.
Highlights
Marine fungi have recently attracted great attention owing to their structurally unique and biologically active metabolites [1,2,3,4]
Fr.3 (8.43 g) eluted with petroleum ether (PE)–EtOAc (2:1) was further separated by Column chromatography (CC) on reversed-phase silica gel C18 eluted with a MeOH–H2O gradient (20% to 100%) to afford eight parts (P.1–P.8)
Five new anthranilic acid derivatives, penipacids A–E (1–5), along with one known analogue (6), were identified from P. paneum SD-44 fermented in a 500 L bioreactor
Summary
Marine fungi have recently attracted great attention owing to their structurally unique and biologically active metabolites [1,2,3,4]. During our ongoing exploration of new bioactive metabolites of this fungal strain by changing fermentation conditions, we had a chance to access a large-scale bioreactor, and, as a result, six anthranilic acid derivatives including five new ones (1–5) and one previously synthesized analogue (6) [12] (Figure 1) were isolated from the culture broth of the dynamic fermentation in a 500-L fermentator. Structure elucidation, and biological activities are reported
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