Abstract
Murraya koenigii (L.) (Rutaceae) is an indigenous medicinally important herb of Indian origin and now is widely distributed throughout southern Asia. The stem bark, leaves and roots of Malayan Murraya koenigii were selected for phytochemical investigation. Eight carbazole alkaloids was isolated and identified using spectroscopic methods including NMR, IR, UV, MS spectra data. Crude extract and isolated compounds from the roots of this plant were screened for cytotoxic activity and antitumor promoting activity. All crude extracts of the roots including the isolated compounds, mahanimbine, mahanine and murrayafoline-A exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against CEM-SS cell line with IC50 3mg/mL. Girinimbine inhibited EBV-activation in the antitumor promoting assay.
Highlights
Murraya koenigii is a member of Rutaceae family and represented by about 150 genera and 1600 species. 14 species of this genus are known [1], but only two species can be found in Malaysia; namely Murraya koenigii and Murraya paniculata [2] [3]
The aim of the present study was to examine the cytotoxic potential and antitumor promoting activity of crude extract and the isolated carbazole alkaloids present in M. koenigii
After evaporation of the solvent, 10.0 g of petoluem ether crude was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel yielded four carbazoles: girinimbine (2, 0.21 g), murrayanine (5, 30.2 mg), 3-methylcarbazole (7, 8.3 mg) and murrayafoline-A (8, 0.10 g)
Summary
Murraya koenigii is a member of Rutaceae family and represented by about 150 genera and 1600 species. 14 species of this genus are known [1], but only two species can be found in Malaysia; namely Murraya koenigii and Murraya paniculata [2] [3]. Murraya koenigii is a medicinal important herb of Indian origin. In our continuing study on leaves, roots and barks of M. koenigii (L.) Spreng, have afforded eight carbazole alkaloids; from bark: mahanimbine 1, girinimbine 2, murrayacine 3, murrayazoline 4 and murrayanine 5; from leaves: mahanimbine 1 and mahanine 6; and from roots: girinimbine 2 murrayanine 5, 3-methylcarbazole 7 and murrayafoline-A 8. Their structures were elucidated by combination of various spectroscopic methods such as 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV and MS
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