Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of total extract of MeOH (70%) and partition fractions of hexan, chloroform (CHCL3), ethylacetate (EtOAc) and MeOH-H2O of brown algae species (Sargassum swartzii, Cystoseira myrica, Colpomenia sinuosa) found in the Persian Gulf against in different cell lines including HT-29, Caco-2, T47D, MDA-MB468 and NIH 3T3 cell lines by MTT and AnnexinV-PI assay. The hexan fraction of S. swartzii and C. myrica showed selective cytotoxicity against proliferation of Caco-2 cells (IC50 < 100 μg/ml) T47D cell line (IC50<100 μg/ml), respectively. S. swartzii and C. myrica were also observed for increasing apoptosis in Caco-2 and T47D cells. Total extract and fractions of C. sinuosa did not show any significant cytotoxicity against the studied cell lines. MDA-MB468 cells were more sensitive to C. myrica than was T47D (IC50 99.9 ± 8.11 vs. 56.50' ± 0.88). This reflects an estrogen receptor independent mechanism for cytotoxicity of the extract. The IC50 of the hexan fraction of C. myrica on T47D parent cells was lower than it was on T47D-TR cells (IC50 99.9 ± 8.11 vs. 143.15 ± 7.80). This finding suggests a role for the MDR-1 in the development of possible future tolerance to the extract.
Highlights
Marine algae produce a wide range of new secondary metabolites with various biological activities (Mayer et al, 2007)
The percence of T47D cells in early apoptotic region was 1.49% which was incremented to 2.71% when cells were treated by the hexan fraction of C. myrica
Bioactive cytotoxic compounds have been found in marine algae
Summary
Marine algae produce a wide range of new secondary metabolites with various biological activities (Mayer et al, 2007). In an attempt to find new anticancer drugs, most seaweeds, including the brown algae of genus Sargassum (Sargassaceae), S. micracanthum (Mori et al, 2005), S. caryophyllum (Tang et al, 2002) and S. tortile (Numata et al, 1991), have been examined for cytotoxicity. These species have exhibited cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. Recent data has noted 153 species of marine algae from coast lines of Iranian islands and Hormozgan Province (Sohrabipour and Rabii, 1999 and Sohrabipour et al, 2004). There have been only a few studies on the pharmacological effects of the marine algae in this region
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