Abstract
Euphorbia is a large genus of flowering plants with a great diversity in metabolic pattern. Testing the cytotoxic potential of fifteen Euphorbia species revealed highest activity of E. officinarum L. against human colon adenocarcinoma (CACO2) cell line (IC50 7.2 µM) and of E. lactea Haw. against human hepatoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines (IC50 5.2 and 5.1 µM, respectively). Additionally, metabolic profiling of the fifteen tested species, using LC-HRMS, for dereplication purposes, led to the annotation of 44 natural compounds. Among the annotated compounds, diterpenoids represent the major class. Dereplication approach and multivariate data analysis are adopted in order to annotate the compounds responsible for the detected cytotoxic activity. Results of Principle component analysis (PCA) come in a great accordance with results of biological testing, which emphasized the cytotoxic properties of E. lactea Haw. A similarity correlation network showed that the two compounds with the molecular formula C16H18O8 and C20H30O10, are responsible for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Similarly, the compound with molecular formula C18H35NO correlates with cytotoxic activity against CACO2.
Highlights
Results reveal that five Euphorbia species display activity against
Five species are active against MCF-7 where E. lactea Haw. and
Previous studies tested the ethanolic extract of E. lactea Haw. against another hepatic cancer cell line HEp-2 and the IC50 was found to be 89 μg/mL [13]
Summary
Cancer represents one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. Not all tumors react in the same way to the treatment. Natural products are considered as a promising approach to cancer control and management [1]. Several studies investigated the cytotoxic potential of phytoconstituents against variable cancer cell lines [2]. Genus Euphorbia belongs to family Euphorbiaceae, spurge family, which is composed of about 50 tribes, 300 genera, and 8000 species [3].
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