Abstract
Purpose : To evaluate eight edible Thai local plant extracts ( Camellia sinensis, Careya sphaerica, Cratoxylum formosum, Eleutherococcus trifoliatus, Ficus auriculata, Persicaria odorata, Schima wallichii, and Vaccinium sprengelii ) against colon and liver cancer cell lines. Methods : The 80 % ethanol plant extracts were screened for cytotoxic activity against human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells by MTT assay. The 50 % cytotoxic activity concentration (CC 50 ) was then determined. Apoptotic cell death was observed by inverted microscopy and DNA fragmentation using agarose gel electrophoresis. Results : P. odorata and S. wallichii extracts showed strong cytotoxic activity, with the latter exhibiting more potent cytotoxic activity than the former. The CC 50 value of S. wallichii extract was 453 and 367 µg/mL against HT-29 and HepG2 cells, respectively. In contrast, P. odorata extract showed CC 50 value of 775 µg/mL against HT-29 and 1665 µg/mL against HepG2 cells. Microscopic observations indicate that the degree of morphological changes was concentration-dependent. The cell lines treated with both plant extracts displayed apoptosis. Conclusion : The two plant extracts have high potentials for medicinal use in colon and liver cancer management. However, further studies are needed to isolate the active compounds responsible for the cytotoxic activities. Keywords : Edible Thai local plants, Cytotoxic activity, Apoptotic induction, Colon cancer, Liver cancer
Highlights
The numbers of cancer patients have increased every year and cancer is the second cause of death worldwide
Hajiaghaalipour et al [2] found that Camellia sinensis extract exhibited anti-proliferative effects on HT-29 cells
Devika and Mohandas [3] reported that extracts of Foeniculum vulgare induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells and had anti-proliferative effects through DNA fragmentation
Summary
The numbers of cancer patients have increased every year and cancer is the second cause of death worldwide. This non-communicable disease is characterized by uncontrollable proliferation of abnormal cells. Among various types of cancer, colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma are reported to be the To alleviate these side effects, novel or alternative measures have been sought for drugs as treatments for cancer patients. One possible approach is the use of natural product therapy, a widely accepted alternative for cancer treatment. Because this therapy is based on plants or plant extracts, it usaully has less side effects, and lower costs for treatment. Manapradit et al [4] showed that butanolic leaf extracts from Barleria strigosa exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against the P-388 cell line with a CC50 of 127.42 μg mL
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