Abstract
Lysophospholipids are important signaling molecules in animals and metazoan cells. They are widely distributed among marine invertebrates, where their physiological roles are unknown. Sea cucumbers produce unique lysophospholipids. In this study, two lysophospholipids were detected in Holothuria atra for the first time, lyso-platelet activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine, with nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometric analyses. The lipid fraction of H. atra contained lyso-platelet activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine, and inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis in the macrophage cell line J774A.1. The antioxidant activity of the lysophospholipid-containing lipid fraction of H. atra was confirmed with the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method. Our results suggest that the lysophospholipids from H. atra are potential therapeutic agents for the inflammation induced by oxidative stress.
Highlights
Active products from marine organisms have recently become the focus of pharmaceutical research and health food development
Because F7 appeared as a single spot on thin-layer chromatography (TLC), we characterized this fraction in a further experiment
We detected Lyso-Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and LPC in the lipid fraction with antioxidative activity extracted from the sea cucumber H. atra for the first time
Summary
Active products from marine organisms have recently become the focus of pharmaceutical research and health food development. Sea cucumbers produce a diversity of secondary metabolites with valuable biological activities. The sea cucumber, Holothuria, which belongs to the phylum Echinodermata and the class Holothuroidea, is found on seafloors throughout the world [1]. It is considered a healthy food because it contains various physiologically active substances, including vitamins (A, C, B1, B2, and B3), trace elements (calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc), polysaccharides (chondroitin sulfate), and saponin glycosides [2]. Some bioactive compounds extracted from sea cucumbers are reported to have anti-inflammatory [4], antitumor [5], and fungicidal activities [6].
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