Abstract
This chapter explores the cytoplasmic matrix and its inclusions. The living substance of cells, called protoplasm, is partitioned into two major compartments by the nuclear envelope: (1) the nucleoplasm or nuclear matrix and (2) the cytoplasm or cytoplasmic matrix. The term cytoplasmic inclusions is used by light microscopists to distinguish certain intracellular structures or bodies from organelles that are looked upon as miniature organs or specialized units that perform specific functions within the cell. Such inclusions include secretory granules, pigment granules, and various accumulations of protein, fat, or carbohydrates in the cytoplasm. Crystalline inclusions are found in various cell compartments such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasmic matrix. However, translocation of a crystal from its site of genesis does occur at times; therefore, it is difficult to label the crystal as belonging to one or other specific cell compartment. Particularly difficult to classify are the crystalline inclusions seen on rare occasions in endothelial cells.
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