Abstract
There are many reports describing chromosome structure, organization and evolution within goatgrasses (Aegilops spp.). Chromosome banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques are main methods used to identify Aegilops Linnaeus, 1753 chromosomes. These data have essential value considering the close genetic and genomic relationship of goatgrasses with wheat (Triticumaestivum Linnaeus, 1753) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack, 1899). A key question is whether those protocols are useful and effective for tracking Aegilops chromosomes or chromosome segments in genetic background of cultivated cereals. This article is a review of scientific reports describing chromosome identification methods, which were applied for development of prebreeding plant material and for transfer of desirable traits into Triticum Linnaeus, 1753 cultivated species. Moreover, this paper is a resume of the most efficient cytomolecular markers, which can be used to follow the introgression of Aegilops chromatin during the breeding process.
Highlights
There are twenty three species of goatgrasses (Aegilops spp.) (Slageren 1994) and several of them are the closest relatives to wheats (Triticum spp.) (Kilian et al 2011)
This review summarizes cytomolecular techniques, which differentiate Aegilops and Triticum chromosomes, and are used most often for effective tracking of Aegilops chromosomes in cultivated cereals
The results indicated that the greenbug resistance gene Gb5 was located on chromosome 7S
Summary
There are twenty three species of goatgrasses (Aegilops spp.) (Slageren 1994) and several of them are the closest relatives to wheats (Triticum spp.) (Kilian et al 2011). This method was widely used to identify Aegilops-Triticum chromosome addition, substitution and translocation lines (Friebe et al 1991; 1992; 1995; 1996a; 1996b; 1999; 2000; 2003). Friebe et al (1996a) applied C-banding analysis to identify T4AS.4AL-7S#2S chromosome translocations in wheat - Ae. speltoides lines with Lr28 leaf rust resistance gene.
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