Cytological diversity in colchiploid of Pontianak tangerine citrus

Farida Yulianti,Dita Agisimanto,Rubiyo Rubiyo,C Indrawanto

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202130601029

Abstract

Pontianak tangerine citrus (Siam Pontianak) is the most popular tangerine citrus in Indonesia. Induced mutation with colchicine treatment on Pontianak tangerine was intended to produce polyploid plants. The study aimed to analyze the cytological diversity in colchiploid of Pontianak tangerine citrus. The study was conducted at ICISFRI from January – May 2018. The cytological analysis was performed on a five-year-old of 36 colchiploids of Pontianak tangerine and a mother plant as control. The results showed that the colchiploid plants had higher chromosome numbers, stomatal sizes, and chloroplast numbers than the control. However, the stomatal density in several genotypes did not differ from that of the control. Colchicine treatment resulted in an aneuploid plant with chromosome number 18+x. Based on the clustering analysis results, all colchiploid plants differed from the control with a variability coefficient of 0.65. The colchiploid plants were not grouped according to colchicine concentration and duration of treatment. The increase of colchicine concentration and treatment duration did not correlate with the increasing ploidy number of colchiploid plants. The implication of the research result was the stomatal density, stomatal size, and chloroplast number were useful tools for rapid pre-screening of plant polyploidy.

Highlights

Pontianak tangerine citrus is the most popular tangerine citrus in Indonesia
The ploidy levels of 36 regenerated Pontianak tangerine citrus were identified by chromosome number counting
These observations showed that colchicine treatment increased the number of chromosomes, but the multiple rates of chromosome set number were different

Summary

Introduction

Pontianak tangerine citrus is the most popular tangerine citrus in Indonesia. It is the preferred type of citrus fruit for those Indonesian consumers. It was released in 2003, based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No.466 /Kpts/PD.210/9/2003. The peel of the fruit is thin (1–1.5 mm), squishy, and attached slightly to the fruit segment. The albedo is thin and quite brittle, so it is often attached to the fruit segment. This fruit peel condition caused this fruit to be more difficult to open and split

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Conclusion