Abstract
Cytological effects of Dithane fungicides which are widely used in the control of blight diseases in fruits, vegetables, onion and other crops were tested for their mutagenic properties on Allium cepa. Peduncles with immature inflorescence buds were sprayed with 1000 and 1500 ppm of Dithane fungicides (Dithane M-22, Dithane Z-78, Dithane D-14, Dithane A-40, Dithane M-45). These fungicides were similar in their effects on meiosis, since they produced the same type of abnormalities in PMCs, but in different percentages. This may be attributed to the presence of different metal ions in the fungicides used (zinc, sodium and manganese). Erratic behaviour of chromosomes at meiosis induced by the fungicides caused pollen sterility and lowering of seed set. Reproductive cells seem to be more sensitive than somatic cells.
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