Abstract
Background: Conventional Cervical Cytology is the most widely used cervical cancer screening test. The incidence of cervical carcinoma is incredibly high in developing countries due to lack of proper knowledge. The extensive use of cervical screening with Papanicolau smears had considerably increased the detection of precancerous and cancerous lesion of uterine cervix. Study was conducted to evaluate cytohistological correlation and to calculate concordance and discordance of Pap smear in detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions of uterine cervix.
 Materials and Methods: A total of 54 samples reported in Pap smear as cervical intraepithelial lesions and suspicious for invasive malignancies were selected and correlated with corresponding histopathological findings. It was an observational study done for a period of 18 months from November 2016 to May 2018 at UCMS-TH. All the statistical evaluation was done by using SPSS version 20.
 Results: During the study period 54 cases were evaluated. Atypical Squamous Cell of Undetermined Significance was the common abnormal findings in the Pap smear with frequency of 26 (48.1%). Out of total 54 cases of Pap smears, 30 (55.55%) were concordant while discrepancies occurred in 24(44.44%) cases with cervical biopsy.
 Conclusions: The study revealed a good correlation between cervical cytology and cervical biopsy. We also concluded that conventional Pap smear is a cost effective test for the early detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is fourth common cancer affecting women and fourth common cause of cancer death in women, worldwide
This is a hospital based analytical study conducted among patients attending Obstetrics/Gynaecology(OBS/GYN) outpatient department(OPD) and inpatient department(IPD) at UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa, Nepal whose cervical biopsy was taken to correlate precancerous and cancerous cervical lesion on Pap smear
A total of 54 cases were enrolled in the study. All these patients had abnormal Pap smear finding that felled in category of Epithelial Cell abnormality according to the criteria of TBS-2014
Summary
Cervical cancer is fourth common cancer affecting women and fourth common cause of cancer death in women, worldwide Seventy percent of it occurs in developing countries.[1] it is most common cancer among Nepalese women.[2] According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the incidence of cervical cancer can be reduced by 90 % through periodic screening.[3] The human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a central role in cervical carcinogenesis, and around it revolve various factors that directly or indirectly influence whether or not changes in the cervical squamous epithelium occurs that can evolve into. The extensive use of cervical screening with Papanicolau smears had considerably increased the detection of precancerous and cancerous lesion of uterine cervix. Study was conducted to evaluate cytohistological correlation and to calculate concordance and discordance of Pap smear in detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions of uterine cervix
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