Cytohistological and immunohistochemical correlation of cutaneous neoplastic lesions: Three year retrospective study

Abstract

: Neoplastic lesions in cutaneous and subcutaneous region comprise a large group of benign and malignant entities of different lineage. Clinical, morphological features and prognosis of these lesions differ a lot. For diagnosis FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) is the first technicque applied followed by histology, immunohistochemisty (IHC) and so on.: Cytological evaluation of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms and correlate with histopathology and IHC. Study of all palpable cutaneous and subcutaneous swellings presenting to cytology OPD (Out patient department) with further histopathological correlation in the three-year duration.: FNA cytosmears of the cases stained with leishman stain in most of cases. Histopathological and IHC correlation done in available cases.: The data are expressed in descriptive statistics measures such as percentages and proportions. Out of 1032 total cases, most of the cases were benign (94.3%) with fewer malignant cases (5.7%). Lipomas 562(56.31 %) were the largest group among benign lesions followed by benign spindle cell lesions 286(28.65%). Metastatic (22, 64.7%) lesions were more in number than primary cutaneous malignancies (12,35.2%). Among adenocarcinomas, 4 metastatic cases (0.38%) from lung and breast each and among squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 7(0.67%) primary SCC were seen. Biopsy correlation was available in 134(12.98%) cases and IHC done in 14(1.35%) cases.: Cutaneous neoplasms though benign in most of the cases, can be of critical aetiology with dismal prognosis. Hence they should not be taken lightly and diagnosed specifically with the help of imaging and cyohistological study whenever needed.