Cytogenetic identification of wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica amphiploid × triticale progenies for English grain aphid resistance

Quan Xie,Zhiqin Hu,Lili Xu,Yi Wang,Xing Fan,Shan Tao,Jian Zeng,Debbie Louise Sparkes,Haiqin Zhang,Lina Sha,Yonghong Zhou,Houyang Kang

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162013000300004

Quan Xie, Zhiqin Hu + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162013000300004

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Abstract

English grain aphid (EGA, Sitobion avenae Fabricius) is an important pest in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To develop EGA-resistant varieties, introducing the desirable genes from related species is regarded as an efficient avenue. In this study, the F1, F2 and F3 plants derived from the cross of EGA-susceptible wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Kuo amphiploid (PHW-SA, AABBDDNsNs) and EGA-resistant triticale (Zhongsi 828, AABBRR) were analyzed for EGA resistance. Consequently, PHW-SA was moderately susceptible while Zhongsi 828 and their F1 hybrids were immune, suggesting that the resistance is dominant. All the F2 plants showed high resistance or immunity over two years, indicating that EGA resistance genes are more likely carried by the rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes rather than the genomes A or B of Zhongsi 828. In the F3 generation, 25 of 239 lines became susceptible. Giemsa C-banding patterns revealed that these F3 lines had 38-40 chromosomes, including complete rye genome except 5R (and 2R in five lines). Genomic in situ hybridization analysis confirmed this result. During meiosis, all the chromosomes formed bivalents. Six bivalents in 20 lines and five bivalents in five lines were characterized from rye. In contrast, their F2 parental lines had 42 chromosomes (21 bivalents), containing 1R-7R of rye. No P. huashanica chromosomes were detected. Therefore, we propose that the rye chromosome 5R may be related to EGA resistance.

Highlights

Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the major pests of cereal crops worldwide, especially in temperate regions
The F1, F2 and F3 plants derived from the cross of English grain aphid (EGA)-susceptible wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Kuo amphiploid (PHW-SA, AABBDDNsNs) and EGA-resistant triticale (Zhongsi 828, AABBRR) were analyzed for EGA resistance
They cause a significant loss of yield by consuming the photoassimilates in plant sap and by functioning as the vectors transmitting over 250 plant viruses such as barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) (Nault, 1997)

Summary

Introduction

Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the major pests of cereal crops worldwide, especially in temperate regions They cause a significant loss of yield by consuming the photoassimilates in plant sap and by functioning as the vectors transmitting over 250 plant viruses such as barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) (Nault, 1997). In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the English grain aphid (EGA) is the most important pest, known as an ear feeder in summer. It distributes extensively in Northern and Western China almost every year, and can give rise to a remarkable reduction in wheat yield (up to 70 %) as well as flour quality under heavy infestation (Shi et al, 2009). Genes Gb3 and Gbz on chromosome 7DL function against the greenbug (Weng and Lazar, 2002; Zhu et al, 2004), whilst a single dominant gene RA-1 on chromosome 6AL is identified against EGA (Liu et al, 2012)

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