Abstract
Two cultivars of faba bean (Vicia faba ‘Giza 843’ and ‘Nobaria 3’) that differ in aluminum (Al) tolerance were used to study cytogenetic and genomic alterations under the influence of Al Cl3 (5, 15, and 25 mmol AlCl3) for different periods (6, 12 and 24 h). Under Al treatments, mitotic index in both cultivars decreased and total chromosomal abnormalities increased. The frequencies of micronuclei and chromosomal abnormalities (C-anaphase, metaphase-star chromosomes, breaks, sticky and disturbed chromosomes during metaphase or anaphase) in ‘Giza 843’ were lower than in ‘Nabaria 3’. Increase of the registered cytogenetic events under the influence of Al stress led to increase the detected polymorphism using RAPD and ISSR markers. Application of RAPD primers gave the same value of polymorphism in both faba bean cultivars under Al stress. Polymorphism average of nine ISSR primers of ’Giza 843’ (65.36 %) was lower than that of ‘Nobaria 3’ (71.59 %). Molecular markers, cytogenetic characteristics and seedling growth data indicate that Al tolerance of ‘Giza 843’ was higher than of ‘Nobaria 3’. This work shows that cytogenetic and ISSR techniques could be used efficiently to distinguish between the ability of two faba bean cultivars to tolerate toxic effects of Al.
Highlights
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume plants where it is cultivated for humans as well as animals
37 collections including about 38,360 faba bean germplasm have been conserved; the largest collection belongs to International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDA in Syria (Duc et al, 2010)
Aluminum chloride caused a significant decrease in the mitotic activities in treated root tips of ‘Giza 843’ or ‘Nobaria 3’ cultivars (Tables 2 and 4) when they were treated with different concentrations of AlCl3 for dif
Summary
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume plants where it is cultivated for humans as well as animals. Faba bean seeds contain high proteins and other important components. It is a diploid species with 2n = 12. It belongs to Viceae tribe of Papilionoideae subfamily of Fabaceae family. Legume plants are used to improve the fertility of soil through nitrogen fixation. 37 collections including about 38,360 faba bean germplasm have been conserved; the largest collection belongs to International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDA in Syria (Duc et al, 2010)
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