Cytogenetic and Clinical Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

To investigate the cytogenetic characteristics and prognostic risk factors for elderly patients with newly diagnosed elderly acute myeloid leukemia(AML). Cytogenetic test results of 76 elderly patients with AML admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) from April 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and analyzed clinical characteristics of patients and risk factors influencing prognosis. According to cytogenetic risk stratification, 76 newly treated elderly AML patients were divided into the favorable, intermediate, and unfavorable groups with 6(7.9%), 58(76.3%), and 12(15.8%) cases, respectively. There was no significant difference in the patient's clinical characteristics and prognosis with the cytogenetics-risk classification groups. Correlation analysis showed that patients' objective response rate (ORR) was related to the age of onset and the mutation status of the CEBPA gene. Logistic regression analysis found that age ≥70 years was an independent risk factor for patients' ORR (OR=0.110, P=0.005). Remission determined the 1-year OS rate (OR=0.049, P=0.005). There is no significant difference in clinical characteristics among aged AML patients treated at initial treatment in different cytogenetic risk groups. The age of onset ≥70 years is the determinant of whether patients can obtain ORR, and the rate of ORR is closely related to the 1-year OS rate.