Abstract
Cytochemistry of acid phosphatases has recently enjoyed an increase in clinical application. Better known among these methods is the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain for the hairy cells of hairy-cell leukemia. The demonstration of prostatic acid phosphatase in tumor cells outside the prostate may further aid in the detection of metastatic prostate cancer. Aside from these methods for cytologic and histologic materials, it is now possible to cytochemically demonstrate acid phosphatase activity in subcellular organelles, extracts of whole tissue and cellular preparations, and in biological fluids and secretions. The methods for optimal staining of acid phosphatase activity in these various materials are necessarily different in one or more respects. The methods for cytochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase are reviewed in the context of the applications for which they may be used. Emphasis is placed on those methods for cytologic and histologic preparations. Applications where cytochemistry is frequently used in combination with biochemical, electrophoretic and immunologic techniques are also reviewed.
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